Supply split systems. Air conditioner for supply and exhaust ventilation. Air conditioner that takes air from the street

February 2019

What kind of air does the air conditioner use?

"The air is blowing from the air conditioner, which it takes from the street." This is a common misconception. Perhaps with these words you can start this article. Every second client believes that since the air conditioner has an outdoor unit outside the window, then the air conditioner itself takes fresh air and delivers it into the room. If you were present during the installation of the air conditioner, you could observe that a route extends from the internal unit to the external block, which consists of:

• copper gas and liquid tube for freon;
• a drainage pipe (when draining condensate to the outside);
• interconnect control and power cable.

As you can see, when installing the air conditioner, air ducts are not laid that can supply atmospheric air to the room. In other words, the air conditioner passes through indoor unit room air, which is cooled by passing through a thin plate heat exchanger.

Communications to the outdoor unit only serve to remove heat, and not supply air from the street to the room. Split system is not ventilation unit!

In the external unit, freon is compressed by a compressor, the condenser is blown by a fan to remove excess heat, and already liquid freon is supplied to the internal unit to evaporate and cool the room.

But there are exceptions! And more about them below.

How is air supplied to the room through the air conditioner?

The most effective supply of fresh air is carried out by ducted air conditioners and cassette split systems. Structurally, these types of air conditioners provide for the possibility of supplying air ducts for taking in fresh air from the street. Duct air conditioners with forced ventilation do not provide 100% supply of air passing through them from the street, but carry out exactly mix: The volume of air left in the room from the street reaches a maximum of 30-40%.

Indoor unit channel type with an air duct connected to it for supplying fresh air.

Adapters for grilles through which both cooled and fresh air will be brought into the room.

Decorative grilles for air distribution from the duct air conditioner to the premises. They can also have a ceiling version.

An air duct is supplied to the indoor unit, which takes in atmospheric air from outside the room and provides a more comfortable environment compared to a conventional air conditioner without fresh air supply. But to prevent street dust, soot, foliage from getting into the room, filters are installed on the way. And for the possibility of heating cold (in winter time) air - heaters. All this economy must still be "pulled" through the duct, which provides resistance, which is why the implementation of such a ventilation scheme requires a miscalculation for resistance and an assessment of the possible volumes of air flow from the street into the room.

And now the purified air enters the heat exchanger of the indoor unit, and then is distributed through the air ducts to ventilation grilles on the premises. More detailed information you can glean from the sections of our site or after consulting the manager.

One drawback of duct and cassette air conditioners with mixed air: their installation is possible at the stage of repairing the premises, because the installation of indoor units and the laying of the freon circuit with air ducts is carried out secretly (under the ceiling or sewn into the space between the walls). For those who want to feel all the beauty supply ventilation, combined with air conditioning, there are only a few models. The best ones are presented below.

Models of wall-mounted split systems with supply ventilation function

Recently, several Chinese manufacturers have appeared on the climate market, which have expanded their line of air conditioners with forced ventilation. We would not recommend considering this option: the level of technical solutions in these split systems is far from perfect: high level noise, low values ​​of air flow in cubic meters, etc. At first glance, few people have managed to implement a simple function into a household split system. Even Panasonic was forced to abandon the sensational XE-DKE series in 2007-2009, discontinuing production as ineffective.

Supply air conditioners are becoming more and more popular and in the HVAC industry there is one leader in this segment, the Japanese giant Daikin.

Daikin mixed air conditioners

Combining the functions of cooling / heating, humidification / dehumidification, ventilation, air purification and oxygen enrichment in one unit provides an unsurpassed level of comfort. In your city apartment you will breathe clean air with optimal level humidity, air saturated with oxygen. This split system is far from cheap, but with its help you improve your sleep, well-being, and get sick less. This is both an air conditioner and an air purifier - two in one!

To get acquainted in more detail with a series of air conditioners with air supply: Air conditioners of the UruruSarara series.

Fresh air from the street enters the external block onto the filter, through which it enters the blades of the zeolite cassette (hygroscopic material that provides moisture transfer), which in turn supplies air to the heating zone, thereby increasing the humidity of the air supplied to the room. In the automatic mode of operation, the air conditioner will independently select the optimal humidity.

Air is supplied to the room through a special reinforced hose included in the delivery set and designed for a length of 8 meters. Made of antibacterial material. The air supplied to the room undergoes the finest purification:

• dust, pollen, exhaust gases - everything is trapped by a coarse filter and a catalyst at the first stage, before air is supplied to the indoor unit;
• photo catalytic filter made of titanium dioxide ensures the destruction of the membrane of odor molecules, spores, mold and viruses, followed by decomposition into harmless amino acids. The filter is recoverable!
• streamer discharge (cold plasma) destroys the remains of viruses and bacteria, ensuring clinical cleanliness in your home!

Other functions of this air conditioner (timer control settings, flow control, easy cleaning, 3D airflow, wide-angle blinds, turbo mode, safety and durability, etc.) can take a long time to write. But this model can be briefly characterized: it is perfect. The best air conditioner has not yet been invented by any of the manufacturers.

• air conditioning
• household supply unit

Similar schemes have been implemented at dozens of our facilities. You can get acquainted in more detail with this version of air conditioning and air flow on the pages of our website in the article Air conditioner and supply unit

Another option, as already mentioned above, will be the installation of a duct air conditioner with an air duct outlet to take in fresh air from the street. When implementing such a scheme, it is often installed in the air duct after the intake grill duct fan(to ensure the proper volume of air supply to the indoor unit of the split system), a filter (for air purification) and a heater (if necessary, warm up cold air in winter).

Usually, when using an air conditioner, we lose the ability to ventilate the room, giving preference to cooling. Unlike conventional wall models designed for processing and cooling, air conditioners able to replace it from the outside. Thus, the problem of poor ventilation is solved, enriching the room with the necessary oxygen, and as a result, the state of health improves, the working capacity of people increases. Today, the best climatic companies are engaged in solving the ventilation problem, releasing models with an inflow, or as they are called, with an air mixture of up to 20%.

Companies manufactured air conditioners with fresh air supply

The first air inlet was developed by Daikin, which released a series of HVAC equipment called "Ururu Sarara". Later, similar models appeared from other manufacturers, such as Hitachi, Haier, etc.

Air conditioners with air mixing function are premium class.

Basically, these are inverter split systems with a highly efficient system for cleaning air masses coming from outside from various impurities and contaminants. Having decided to buy an air conditioner with mixed air, in addition to the basic parameters, you should also pay attention to its maximum air consumption. The best option the ability of an air conditioner to replace the entire volume of air within two to three hours in conditions of its uninterrupted operation is considered.

This section of our online store presents best models air conditioners with admixture or with air supply. Our managers will help you choose and buy a supply air conditioner that is most suitable for your premises.

Supply ventilation ensures the supply of fresh air to the building, and at the same time cleans it of dust and heats it up. Characteristic feature of this whole system is the injection of air into the building, while the displaced air is removed through special boxes and outlets. The advantage of such a device is the ability to thoroughly clean the air, the humidity and temperature of which can be controlled.

Conventional ventilation systems are air-vent boxes, which are mainly found in bathrooms and kitchens. Through them, polluted air leaves in a natural way, and the cracks in the windows and doors act as a pump, supplying fresh air from the street. This simple scheme is called supply natural ventilation.

But such ventilation has certain drawbacks - its efficiency depends on the wind speed, temperature and other factors. And with the advent plastic windows it has become ineffective.

Supply ventilation characteristics

To increase air exchange, they began to use a special supply ventilation device. Such devices have different configurations. The most simple method is the installation supply fan into a hole in a wall or window. The disadvantage of this method is the intake of very cold air in winter.

The supplied air must be at least +16 ºС. Otherwise, the temperature drop can contribute to illness of people or damage to furniture and peeling of wallpaper. Based on this, a normal system of such ventilation should include a multi-level overheating protection system and a heater. In addition, there must be air filter so that a lot of dust does not enter with the air, and good noise insulation.

The supply ventilation system has three operating modes:

• winter mode, air heating using a water heater;
• summer mode, cooling it with a water cooler;
• standby mode, there is a control from the freezing of the water heater and the air temperature when the mode is off.

Supply ventilation modes

Summer supply ventilation mode it can be either heated or not. Heating takes place when the fresh air temperature is 5 degrees lower than it was set. Such a device operates in ventilation mode, but when the temperature drops relative to the limit temperature, heating is turned on to the set temperature. Once the required temperature has been reached, the adjustment ends after 30 minutes.

Summer mode without air heating is presented as follows. The system also operates in ventilation mode. If the temperature drops below +5 ºС, then the device switches to standby mode.

By the way, if the operating mode of the system does not correspond to the season, that is, the air temperature outside, the device will issue sound signals.

Winter the mode has a heating function. Forced ventilation with heating heats the outside air to the set temperature. It can be set within the range of +15 ºС to +30 ºС. If you turn on this mode at a temperature higher than +5 ºС, then the system will give sound signals and switch to summer mode.

In addition, there is also a mode of operation in high humidity, for example, during rain. The supply air heats up to the set temperature from +15 ºС to +30 ºС, and the fan speed remains minimal and does not change.

One of the most popular devices is a split system with supply ventilation. it great replacement air conditioning and ventilation, therefore, it successfully solves the problem of airing rooms.

In addition, it is better to use filters for supply ventilation with any device. They purify the air that enters the building. They also carry out medium and fine cleaning, their use guarantees longer term operation of ventilation and no need to repair it.

In the conditions of modern sealed apartments, questions related to inefficiency, namely, the lack of an influx of street air masses, increasingly arise. Due to the lack of fresh air supply, in such rooms the oxygen content in the air mixture is significantly reduced, which leads to a sharp decrease in mental and physical activity the people in it.

Today this problem is solved by creating a forced

Equipping the premises with ventilators and wall supply valves, as well as specialized climatic equipment - air conditioners with fresh air supply. In fairness, it should be said that it is more correct to call this equipment not with inflow, but with admixture street air, and the volume of air masses supplied to the room usually does not exceed 40%.

The device and principle of operation of the air conditioner with supply

An air conditioner with supply ventilation mode for an apartment consists of:

• Evaporative (indoor) unit, which includes a heat exchanger, fan, filtration system, and an electronic control unit.
• An external unit that includes a compressor, a condenser heat exchanger, a cooling fan and an additional suction turbine, as well as a mixing chamber.

The air masses are mixed as follows: by means of a suction fan, fresh air is supplied through the duct to the evaporating unit, where it enters a special chamber and mixes with the air from the room. After that, the air mixture passes through the filtration system and is subjected to additional processing(heating, humidification, dehumidification, etc.), which depends on the version, the set mode and the model of the split system. Only after processing is the air mixture supplied to the room. Microprocessor control allows in automatic mode to keep under control the parameters of the air mixture set by the user, as well as the force of the air flow.

Scope and advantages of split systems of this type

Air conditioners with a function are most often used in sealed residential buildings equipped with modern metal-plastic windows, as well as in rooms with special requirements to air exchange and the quality of the air mixture.

The main advantages of an air conditioner with fresh air supply are:

• Year-round supply of serviced premises with an inflow of fresh air. The competent approach of manufacturers has made it possible to create such climatic equipment that can work even at low temperatures.
• High degree of outdoor air purification. Open window, will give the necessary inflow of air masses, but its quality, especially in a megalopolis, leaves much to be desired. Split systems are equipped with efficient filtering elements, thanks to which clean and fresh air enters the room.
• Microprocessor control makes it possible automatic maintenance set temperature and humidity characteristics and device performance.

Factors to look out for

Despite the rather serious advantages of this, air conditioners with forced ventilation for an apartment have not become especially popular with our compatriots, and there are several explanations for this:

1. Increased noise level from an additional fan. Noise level is standardized from Russia sanitary standards, which unambiguously state that the level of penetrating sound exposure to living quarters cannot be higher than 30 dB at night. Most common models are climatic technology have an indicator on the verge of this value.
2. This type of household air conditioner cannot fully replace the ventilation system.
3. High price. The price of such a device is about 15-20% higher than a climate technology with an inverter control of a similar power.

The choice of a split system of this type should be entrusted to professionals, since the implementation of the correct air exchange and synchronization ventilation system with an air conditioning system is possible only with a competent calculation and assessment of the required volume of supply air.

Nowadays, many people install air conditioners in their homes. Per last years the presence of an air conditioner at home has become an indicator of the quality of life: after all, summer time years without it, in most apartments it is hot, stuffy and you want to go to the sea :-). It is not our goal to tarnish air conditioners. These are useful devices that perfectly cope with their main task - indoor air cooling. In summer, the benefits of an air conditioner can hardly be overestimated; it really makes life easier for many people.

The reaction of some of our friends and relatives, whom we told about ventilators, was the question "why do we need a ventilator if we already have an air conditioner installed?" Let's take a look at the most frequent delusions regarding air conditioners and ventilators.

Myth number 1... The air conditioner supplies fresh air to the room

Like most devices that combine several functions, supply air conditioners are weak in the "additional" functionality, which for them is the supply of fresh air. Observe: when they write about air conditioners, as a rule, they always describe in detail about filters, innovations and other "gadgets". But as soon as it comes to the inflow function - silence. I mean specific numbers, because without numbers it reminds of Ostap's statement "Whoever says that this is a girl, let him be the first to throw a stone at me" (c). That is, it, the function itself - is, you will not find fault. And who said that it would be a) effective and b) comfortable? Nobody wants to indicate in the description of the supply air conditioner that even at the lowest speed it makes a lot of noise (after all, the laws of physics have not been canceled, and in order to supply the same volume through a narrower channel, the feed rate must be higher, from which inevitably it follows: EITHER the performance of the fan must be higher, and this automatically means more noise, OR the volume of supply must be LESS). Now to the numbers:

The hole diameter when installing an air conditioner duct with an inflow function is 4 cm, which gives a cross-sectional area of ​​about 13 cm 2. The diameter of the hole when installing the air duct for the ventilator is from 8 to 12.5 cm, which gives a cross-sectional area of ​​50-123 cm 2. The calculations used the Formula of the area of ​​a circle Pi-Er-square: S = π * R * R, π = 3.14159 ...

Thus, the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilator duct is 4-10 times larger. It follows that:

with the same fan performance and other things being equal, the ventilator will supply the room with 4-10 times more fresh air.

The question arises: maybe so much air is not needed? Let's turn to building codes: the norm for providing one person with fresh air in a room is 30 m 3 per hour. The maximum productivity of modern ventilators is from 100 to 180 m 3 per hour, which is equivalent to providing sufficient fresh air for 3 to 6 people who are constantly in the room.

Let's take into account the fact that this is the maximum productivity of household supply units on the market and therefore the noisiest operating mode. In practice, the noise-comfortable performance is 2-3 times lower than the maximum value. As a result, we get a range of 33-90 m 3 per hour. That is, 1-3 people can sleep comfortably in the same room with a working ventilator, while having sufficient air exchange.

Now let's apply our theory to fresh air conditioners. According to our conclusion, it should turn out that the inflow volume with a comfortable noise level for the air conditioner should be 4-10 times less than that of the ventilator, that is, from 3.3 to 22.5 cubic meters per hour.

Let's check these conclusions with technical characteristics air conditioners with inflow function.

For example, let's take the popular Hitachi RAS-10JH4 model, which costs about 50 thousand rubles. and another Japanese novelty with a unique function of humidity regulation Daikin Ururu Sarara, which costs about 130 thousand rubles.

The maximum inflow volume is:

For Hitachi - there is no exact information, according to the seller - about 20 m 3 / hour

For Daikin - 32 m 3 / hour.

The point is that the function of the inflow in the air conditioner is indicated mainly for the "tick", but in fact this inflow is only 20 "cubes" per hour - and it is somehow undignified to write about this.

In addition, in such models of air conditioners, restrictions related to the air temperature are applied - for example, the air intake function works when the outside air temperature is at least +3 degrees, or when the difference between the outside and inside air is no more than 7 degrees. It can be concluded that in the cool season, supply air conditioners are idle, just like standard recirculation air conditioners. Of course, there are expensive models in which these disadvantages are minimized. But the cost of such models is several times higher than the cost of a ventilator and a typical air conditioner combined (for example, Daikin air conditioners cost around 100-250 thousand rubles).

As for inexpensive, like the Hitachi model, supply air conditioners, here are excerpts from reviews about them (taken from Yandex.Market, the spelling and punctuation of the authors are preserved) regarding the supply ventilation mode:

• "The supply / exhaust makes a noise (the pump motor hums, the air in the corrugation hisses), does not distract from work at the minimum and average speed, but I will not put such an air conditioner in the bedroom for anything."
• “The manufacturer does not write anywhere how many cubic meters. per hour pumps in / out the inflow and exhaust from this air conditioner. such a marketing intrigue. It is understandable why, through an inch tube, these values ​​will be "shameful" and will not reach the standards for submarines and places of confinement. "
• “In principle, I was warned that the inflow would be weak, but I did not expect that it would be that much. In addition, it will not be possible to use it in winter - there are restrictions, the automation is watching. It is possible only in summer and autumn - the temperature difference outside and inside is no more than 7 degrees. In principle, it is needed mainly in the summer, but these are not all of its disadvantages. It is very noisy, including the weakest mode, in which it barely blows, but you can fall asleep. :) It is much noisier than the main fan, and the flow is worse. Controlling it is inconvenient. "
• “The supply mode is not used - it is too noisy and weak. "
• “The supply ventilation function does not work if outside the window is more than +30 degrees. "
• “Supply ventilation, for which I was bought, according to by and large nonsense. This function exists separately from the air conditioner itself, pumping a separate fan through a separate air duct. Even at the maximum speed of this fan, the flow of incoming air is very modest, and it buzzes strongly. Plus a bunch of conditions under which the inflow will not work. "

Myth number 2... The air conditioner cleans the air

Actually... The air conditioner undoubtedly cleans the air, but typical models are equipped only with coarse air filters, which, if you look at it, are most often metal mesh, retaining large and medium-sized indoor dust. Such a filter cannot effectively prevent the neutralization of microorganisms, pollen, small dust particles, bacteria and allergens that have entered the room.

Of course, expensive (more than 40-50 thousand) models of air conditioners are equipped with filters for fine air purification and the function of deactivating microorganisms and bacteria. But even inexpensive, costing up to 30,000 rubles, models of ventilators are equipped with fine air filters that prevent small particles of dust, allergens, odors, impurities, and the smallest contaminants (dust mites, mold, fungus, bacteria and viruses, etc.) from entering the ventilated room. .). After all, the problem is easier (and usually cheaper) to avoid than to eliminate its consequences. In addition, on filters and in drainage system of the indoor unit of the air conditioner due to moisture condensation accumulate (and often, with untimely maintenance, multiply) pathogenic microorganisms, carcinogenic substances and spores of pathogenic fungi that infect residents. Since contact with water is excluded in the ventilator, its filters do not pose such a hazard. Of course, as in the case of an air conditioner, the condition for observing timely (recommended by the manufacturer) cleaning and replacing filters is the main guarantee of healthy air and trouble-free operation of equipment - you need to monitor any equipment. The only difference is that the ventilator is household appliance and servicing it is quite simple on your own, while cleaning the air conditioner, as a rule, requires the departure of a qualified service employee and specialized equipment (especially cleaning and diagnostics of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, which is strongly discouraged and even prohibited to be performed without appropriate qualifications).

Myth number 3... Air conditioners and ventilators are installed the same

Actually... The household air conditioner has both an outdoor and an indoor unit (or several units). Installing the air conditioner on outside wall buildings are not always possible: this is interpreted as redevelopment, for which approval is required - that is, bureaucratic red tape with an unpredictable result.

Many residents install air conditioners without permission, without going through the procedure for agreeing on redevelopment. However, this is fraught with problems: these tenants can be sued by both neighbors and the management company or city authorities. WITH very likely the claim will be satisfied - there are already such precedents - and the air conditioner will have to be dismantled.

As for the ventilator, its installation indoors does not affect appearance buildings, redevelopment is not considered, and therefore is not subject to approval. From the outside of the building, the opening is closed with a grating. There are no special regulations regulating this aspect, therefore it is legal to install the grille without approval.

Since the ventilator does not have an outdoor unit, no special climbing equipment is required for its installation, which reduces the cost of installation. Installation is carried out from inside the room: first, a hole is cut through the diamond drilling equipment, then with outer side it is decided to be installed (possibly with a rain visor), and with inside- the device itself. Diamond drilling is so accurate that the effect of a “torn wall” is impossible, due to which the ventilator can also be installed in a renovated room. As for the air conditioner, a perforator is most often used for its installation, which, if not used very skillfully or in the case of a problem wall (hitting the reinforcement), can greatly "raskurochit" it.

Installation of the ventilator does not provide for the laying of extended air ducts - in 90% of cases, the length of the air duct is equal to the thickness of the wall (the exception is the case of laying the air duct through a balcony or loggia). The air coming from the ventilator is distributed throughout the room without the help of pipes.

Myth number 4... The air conditioner heats up the air

Actually... This is partly true - an air conditioner made in the form of a split system can heat the air. However, there are a number of restrictions, the main of which is the impossibility of heating in winter. You can turn on the split system for heating only with a positive outside temperature(more expensive models - up to -10C). When you try to heat a room with an air conditioner in frost, a compressor can break down in an inexpensive air conditioner, and in an expensive one the electronics will not allow you to turn on the heating. In autumn and spring, at positive temperatures, turning on the air conditioner in heating mode should be done with caution, since the radiator external block cools down and forms on it a large number of condensation and to prevent damage to the air conditioner, it must be regularly removed.

In the descriptions of some air conditioners, you can see the "winter set" function. Some consumers, without understanding, believe that this function of the air conditioner will provide optimal temperature indoor air in winter. In fact, this function implies cooling in winter period rooms with intense heat generation (for example, rooms where a large number of equipment is located). This has nothing to do with air heating, which is relevant for most consumers.

Now about the ventilators. Their modification, called "breather", which has a climate control function, heats the air in the room to the temperature set by the user, regardless of the temperature outside the window. The greater the temperature difference, the more efficient heating occurs. Most ventilators without climate control function also heat the air, but without the ability to set a specific degree - the device has several heating powers, and the higher this power, the warmer the fresh air temperature in the room. Recuperators heat the air by transferring heat supply air from the exhaust. If you have a ventilator that warms up the air, you do not need to spend money on a heater. In the case of a recuperator, heating does not even require additional energy costs.

Summary

Thus, we can conclude that a household air conditioner and a household ventilator are different devices designed to solve different problems, and ideally complementary to each other. If there is a ventilator in the room, a simple, inexpensive air conditioner is sufficient to cool the air in the summer period (when calculating the capacity of the air conditioner in tandem with the ventilator, it is necessary to install a more powerful air conditioner than if it were installed without a ventilator, since ventilation is warm air will require additional power from the air conditioner) since the functions of supplying fresh air, filtering it from all kinds of impurities and, if necessary, heating are decided by the ventilator.

(with) Fresh air... Copy with URL only