How to dilute putty with water. Options for how to dilute the finishing putty with your own hands without a mixer at home: proportions, structural features, recommendations. Preparation of the starting putty mixture

Performance repair work requires a lot of skills and special knowledge. Any oversight can completely ruin final result. One of the more common processes is applying putty to the walls. This is not an easy task and not everyone can do it.

Here it is important to be able not only to apply the solution correctly, but also to prepare it perfectly. Therefore, before starting work, it is necessary to clearly know the answer to the question: how to breed putty for walls.

There are two types of putty: starting and finishing. The name itself already speaks of the purpose of a certain species. The starting one is used exclusively at the first stage of work, namely when leveling the surface, and the finishing putty completes this process and is the basis for any decorative finishes.

The method of preparation of these two types is also different. To dilute the starting putty does not require much effort and skill, which cannot be said about the finish. Therefore, for its preparation, you will need additional tools:

special container for the solution;
ordinary water;
electric drill with a whisk (construction mixer).

What you need to know about putty?

Wall putty - a special paste-like mass, which includes film-forming components, various fillers and coloring pigments, is used to eliminate cracks and smooth out irregularities. One of the conditions for applying putty is (humidity of the treated room, temperature) and where the material will be used (outside or inside the room) these are the main criteria for choosing putty.

For example, moisture-resistant cement-based putties are used in cold enough wet rooms. Since they are not threatened by temperature changes, they also do not swell and do not exfoliate over time.

For home conditions, it is recommended to use gypsum-based putties. Such putties can regulate the degree of humidity in the room, they are easily applied to walls and ceilings, but they cannot be used in a humid environment, they can start to crack.

Therefore, in order to accurately determine which material to choose, it does not hurt to read the instructions indicated on the package, it describes the composition of the putty, its purpose and, accordingly, the conditions of use.

Methods for preparing a putty solution

Exists universal instruction, which is directly suitable for mixing mixtures of various manufacturers at home. It consists of several successive steps. One thing that may differ is the amount required cold water for a certain amount of matter.

The main stages of kneading:

Pure water is poured into the prepared container.
The required weight of the putty is measured per collected liter of water.
The solution is thoroughly mixed for the time indicated on the package and the mixture is infused for about five minutes.

As for the technology used by real experts, it is directly different from the above. The proportion indicated by the manufacturer on the package is the most optimal. But, sometimes this consistency is not suitable for certain types of work.

So, for applying a thick layer of putty, a thicker solution is required. It will not fall off the surface and will even out the most problematic areas. If drywall is putty, which must be covered with a thin layer, then a more liquid solution must be diluted. Such tricks will achieve the desired result.

Following the example of professionals, it is worth remembering some properties of this substance. If you knead a putty of a thick consistency, it will harden much faster than a liquid batch. It will become unsuitable for application to the surface.

Therefore, the process must be carried out very quickly and not be absent even for a minute. This will avoid turning the mixture into a stone, which will be very difficult to soak and free the container for the next batch. In addition, this will require a lot of time and effort, and most importantly, additional costs will be incurred for the purchase of putty.

Puttying the walls for the first time will not be an easy task. The solution may not turn out to be homogeneous, fall off the wall, mounds may form. It will take more than one hour to correct the data flaw. To prevent such an event from happening, it is worth preparing in advance.

First of all, purchase a spatula, the width of which should be 300mm and the length 150mm. You don't have to start sanding right away. First you need to knead a little solution and practice shifting it from one spatula to another so that it does not fall to the floor. it good way learn how to apply putty on the surface.

After training, you can get to work. Putty walls need at a certain angle. The larger it is, the thinner the putty layer. During this process, it is important to remember to transfer the mixture from one spatula to another. This will give the solution elasticity, which means it will be better to lay down on the wall.

Having learned how to properly dilute putty, having trained to apply it, it's time to learn some secrets of puttyers:

Knead the minimum amount of putty. Do not be lazy, because the mixture quickly hardens, and becomes unsuitable for application. Therefore, it is better to do it several times than to transfer the material and spend time washing the container.
For good result work is required to prepare a perfectly clean bucket, a construction mixer and a spatula. If the container has old residues, scratches cannot be avoided.
It is possible to soften the mixture, which begins to harden. To do this, add cold water to the container and mix thoroughly. This will give approximately 10 minutes of additional time for the prompt application of putty. After re-solidification, the solution cannot be saved. It should be noted that the process of solidification occurs faster at elevated air temperatures.

Having familiarized yourself with all the main rules for working with putty, it becomes clear how to properly dilute putty for walls, how to properly apply the solution to a specific surface. Such knowledge is sure to be useful in the life of every person and will help to get an excellent result at the end of the repair. Correct putty walls is a guarantee of perfect paint coverage.

Putty is used for further decorative wall decoration. This is a very crucial moment in the process of cosmetic or overhaul, because the durability and appearance wall finishes. The quality of putty depends not only on the technology of application, but also on the correct dilution of the dry mixture. Therefore, before starting each repair, it is worth knowing how to spread wall putty.

Putty mixtures are ready-made and dry. Ready mixes sold in plastic containers, and dry building material - in the form of powder in paper bags. Ready-made putty is more expensive than dry putty, and its use is advisable for minor repairs. If a large-scale repair is planned, it is better to use a powder mixture that must be properly diluted. To find out how to properly dilute wall putty, you need to take a closer look existing species this building material:

Oil-based adhesive composition: moisture resistant, used for wall covering in rooms with a high level of humidity. These putties can be used to coat wood and metal products to protect them from rot and corrosion.
Gypsum putty: consists of a gypsum cement base, used for most finishing works.
Water-dispersion compositions after filling form a smooth and durable surface.
Multifunctional acrylic fillers are used to level the surface and remove cracks from old coatings. Acrylic facade compositions are used for outdoor work, have high moisture resistance.
PVA-based putty is a universal mixture that has antifungal properties.

Dry putty must be diluted correctly, otherwise the coating will crack and crumble. In order for the coating to be reliable and not crack, certain conditions must be observed when working with it:

Correctly dilute dry putty, following the instructions of the manufacturers, observing the necessary proportions.
Before application, remove the remnants of the old coating.
In order to ensure good adhesion to the surface, it must be primed.
After priming, an interval of at least 6 hours should be allowed before the surface is puttyed.
Apply putty in two layers.
The first layer should dry exactly 24 hours, then you can apply the topcoat.
Also, the day must pass after finish coat before wallpapering or other decorative finishes.

Before you dilute the putty, you should consider the type of work for which it is used - starting or finishing so the consistency will be different.

How to breed putty for walls: proportions

How to dilute the putty mixture is indicated by the manufacturer on the package. When diluting, you should maintain the recommended proportions, do not dilute too much of the mixture, otherwise it will quickly harden. You need to breed such an amount of material that it is enough for half an hour of work. When the mixture is already ready, and is in the process of swelling, you can not add water to it. The drying rate of the material depends on its density and the air temperature in the room. The higher the temperature, the faster the putty composition dries, and the less time remains for its application.

Dilution of the putty mixture can be carried out both manually and using a power tool - a construction mixer, a drill with a special nozzle, and other equipment with a rotation speed of up to 800 rpm, the optimal rotation speed is 600 rpm.

To dilute the putty, be sure to use a clean and dry container. If an old bucket is used, in which lumps of the previous mixture remain, they will fall into the fresh composition, and these insoluble lumps will render the entire putty unusable. The power tool used for stirring must also be dry and clean, especially when preparing the finishing compound.

The standard is the ratio of the putty mixture at the rate of 25 kg per 10 liters of water. However, the proportions indicated on the packaging by the manufacturer may differ from the standards.

How to dissolve gypsum putty

Gypsum plastering is used in rooms where there is no high level humidity. Gypsum compositions have a high drying rate of two or three days. Gypsum putty pour into a bucket filled with water by 1/3, in a thin stream until the powder exceeds the water level by 1/3. After thirty seconds, the powder should settle into the water. Then the solution is kneaded with a power tool for 1-2 minutes. If the mixture has not acquired sufficient viscosity, water or powder should be added while continuously stirring the solution. If you wait at least 1-2 minutes, the mixture will begin to set, and adding one of the ingredients will no longer work. The solution is stirred twice with a break of one or two minutes. Then the viscosity is checked: the correct consistency should be such that the putty sticks to the wall, but does not remain on the spatula. Do not use the tool when kneading high speed: air will enter the mixture and form bubbles during application to the surface.

How to dissolve the finishing putty

The finishing putty differs from the starting putty in a finer grain, it is more elastic. It is used in the final alignment of the walls, and its consistency should be more liquid than gypsum mortar or starting. To breed finishing putty, you must use a dry, clean container. A powdery mixture is poured there, but you should not immediately pour water so that lumps do not form. This is very important because the finishing putty mixture is applied in a very thin layer (1 mm) and any lumps will be visible. Correct Proportions dilutions of the finishing putty are seven trowels and a small amount of water. After that, the composition is thoroughly stirred, then the rest of the powder and water are poured into the resulting homogeneous mass. The mixture is left to swell for three to five minutes, then stirred again. The resulting composition should not be too liquid, but not thick. To knead the finishing putty, it is better to use a mixer with a spiral nozzle, the mixing process should be smooth.

If you need to knead a second batch, you should use a different container so that no residue from the previous mixture gets into the new batch, or use other utensils.

How to dilute putty without a mixer

If there is no special tool at hand, you can dilute the putty manually. This method is applicable to the preparation of a starter coating, which is not particularly demanding on the kneading method. To do this, use an ordinary bucket or other container without rounded corners. AT plastic container a portion of putty powder is poured, then added warm water, gently stirred with a stick. It should be noted that, in contrast to mechanical way mixing, with manual it is water that is added to the powder, and not vice versa. If you add powder to water, the mixture will seize in lumps that are difficult to stir to a homogeneous consistency by hand, while using a power tool this is possible.

Then the rest of the putty is poured out, if necessary, diluted with water to the desired consistency. The composition is mixed using a spatula. When the mixture becomes homogeneous, it is left to swell for 5 minutes, then mixed again.

As we all understand, during any repair it will not be possible to do without such a necessary building material as putty. With its help, you can close up the seams, smooth out small uneven walls, etc. In many ways, the final result of the future decorative processing of the walls will depend on its quality and consistent proportions.

Before deciding the question “how to breed putty”, you need to know that such material is very popular not only for interior decoration walls, but also used for outdoor work.

Based on the scope of use of putty, the solution is classified according to the compositions and proportions of the components. Therefore, it is necessary to understand that for different finishes(base or finish) solution will have to be diluted differently.

Of course, if you buy putty in a hardware store already in a ready-to-use state, then you don’t have to re-knead it. Your main task when working with the finished material is to mix the mass well before the actual use process.

But when working with dry substances, simply mixing the components will not be enough. They need careful preparation - observance of the proportional ratio of water and dry matter, on the correctness of which the quality and density of the material will depend. It is also necessary to follow a certain sequence of actions during mixing the solution.

So, how to breed putty for wall treatment?

Pay attention to the main rule that all putty mixtures must be diluted immediately before the application process, as they are able to "live" without losing their qualities for a fairly short period of time.

The duration of the "life" of the finished solution until it sets, as a rule, is indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging, and may depend on many indicators, the main of which is the composition. Therefore, you should not be too self-confident, but it is better to familiarize yourself with the manufacturer's advice in more detail in order to avoid trouble.

Step-by-step instruction

In order to properly dilute the putty, you may need the following tools and fixtures:

capacity, better without rounded corners;
scales;
a drill and a special attachment for it or a construction mixer;
putty knife.

The process of preparing a putty mixture consists of the following steps:

pour into an empty container a certain amount of water;
weigh right amount dry matter and pour it into a container with water;
using a construction mixer or a drill with a special nozzle, mix the mass thoroughly until a homogeneous consistency;
putty fragments adhering to the walls of the container should be removed, and the solution should be left for 15-20 minutes to swell;
then you should make a control mixing of the solution and immediately begin to work.

If you follow the advice of experienced specialists in the field of repairs, for mixing putty, you should follow these rules:

you should not turn on the construction mixer (drill with a nozzle) at high speed, because this can lead to getting into the solution a large number air bubbles;
it is not necessary to use water that is too high or, conversely, too low a temperature to mix the mixture, otherwise such a mass will burst after drying and fall off the walls;
do not try to immediately dilute too much solution, because its life time is too limited;
Before each new mixing of putty, do not be lazy to thoroughly rinse the container in which the previous mixture was located and the nozzle with which you mixed it. If you do not do such manipulations, the remnants of the old solution will fall into new composition putty, as a result of which its consistency and elasticity will be broken and the quality of the new coating will also fall;
do not put the washed mixer with the nozzle up, because drops of solution or water will fall under the cartridge and it will begin to rust very quickly.

Nuances when diluting putty

The preparation of putty for walls during the starting and finishing coating, as we have already said, has certain distinctive features. Let's consider them in more detail.

Starting putty is used for rough initial surface treatment, which is affected by significant defects and cracks. Therefore, such a putty composition should not spread over the surface of the walls and have sufficient strength.

Preparing putty for wall decoration

Since it is very often necessary to cover the surface with a putty solution in several layers, giving each time to dry, it is advisable to ensure that the layer does not harden during this period of time. To get this effect, experienced finishers are advised to add putty to the solution river sand, in a ratio of 1:1.

Finishing putty is used for fine processing of walls before decorative coating or wallpapering. The thickness of the layer of such a top coat should not exceed 1 mm.

This suggests that not only piles of material, but even small fractions will be noticeable on such a wall. Therefore, during the mixing of the finishing putty, it is especially necessary to carefully approach its homogeneous structure. After all, if you do not attach importance to this stage, the quality of the treated surface will be lame, and decorative trim will not be done as neatly as we would like.

What putty is better?

Basically, putty is sold in tightly sealed bags, and it is not possible to examine its contents. In this case, there is only one way out - to trust the experience of specialists.

Of course, you can apply the cheapest and untested mixture to the wall, just understand that the result will be just as poor quality.

If you specifically answer the question “which putty is better?”, The answer “soft” will not be clear to everyone. Such soft mixes are represented on the market by Knauf, Henkel and many other manufacturers, but among domestic companies such representatives are Prospectors, Volma. The quality of such putties has been tested by more than one generation of builders.

Comparative characteristics of the brightest and most popular representatives of putties are shown in the table below.

In many construction stores Now putty compounds are sold by weight. This is a great outlet for those who need a small amount of material. So you can buy 1-2 kg of the mixture and try it out before buying a pig in a poke, weighing 25-30 kg. One disadvantage of such a non-wholesale sale is that in this way only the cheapest formulations are sold, which are not popular and are lying around on store shelves.

Putty is needed to eliminate irregularities. The main layer of putty is applied to the surface to be repaired, and when it dries, the primer is applied. Between these two stages, polishing is necessarily carried out. At first glance, there is nothing complicated here, but any material, even the best, shrinks. If necessary, two layers of putty can be applied, drying and sanding several times. Next, it is considered how to dilute putty for a car, choosing the right proportion hardener and base material.

The primer is needed then to improve the adhesion of metal and paint. An even layer of metal can be immediately covered with primer without fear of further delamination. However, in reality, both primer and putty are used. The latter is of several types:

polyester;
Epoxy;
One-component nitro and acrylic putty.

The greatest popularity, as you can understand, is now received by two-component polyester putties. This material itself can be filled with fiber, aluminum chips, etc. Such compositions are called filling or basic. And you can use them if you have a “final” putty, which is used before priming.

Polyester putty filled with fiberglass

So, two types of materials were named: filling and final putty.

There are no fillers in the universal polyester putty. If the thickness of the resulting layer does not exceed 0.5 mm, such material is always suitable for use.

You can end the chapter with a small dictionary:

Full or Fill - material of "filling" type;
Glas, Glass, Fiber - fiberglass;
Alu - aluminum;
Lite weight or Light - the material should be used if the weight of the workpiece is critical.

These are the markings found on the packages.

During finishing work various surfaces quite often used material such as putty. With it, you can level the walls and prepare them for subsequent painting and wallpapering. You just need to know how to spread the putty correctly. During preparation, it is necessary to take into account some details, for example, the type of putty, as well as for what work it can be used. The ratio of dry mix and water should also be taken into account, as this may affect the quality of the work performed.

Varieties of putty

The construction market offers huge selection putty materials. They are sold ready-to-use or dry. To prepare a dry putty, you should take into account its basis and how to properly dilute the putty. It is on this that its scope and method of preparation depends.

Gypsum-based putty

This putty is used for indoor work. She is white in color. The product must not be used in areas with high air humidity. Putty is intended only for finishing surfaces of dry rooms with heating. It can be used in the bedroom, hall, hallway and rarely in the kitchen.

The mixture is applied to the walls before wallpapering or painting, taking into account the rules indicating how to dilute gypsum putty.

Cement-based putty

With this, you can eliminate all irregularities, drops and various cracks by applying the product to the surface of the wall. It is suitable for work in any premises - both in dry and with high humidity. Also, cement putty can be used to finish the facades of buildings made of concrete, brick and stone.

In the store you can buy a dry mix of cement putty in special packages or a ready-made solution. has a number of disadvantages: shrinkage occurs during drying, and the applied thick layer of the mixture may crack. It is sold in a special plastic container.

As for the dry mix, you should know with a cement base. The required consistency is achieved by kneading. The putty has good adhesion and excellent strength (cracks do not appear when completely dry). But this is only on condition that it is properly prepared and applied to the surface.

Polymer-based putty

This putty is used when finishing only indoors. It has high elasticity, strength and durability. These qualities are achieved due to the polymers contained in the putty.

Dry is used for starting and finishing work. The mixture of starting putty has high strength. It is used in primary processing for leveling surfaces and sealing cracks.

Finishing putty has small grains. Thanks to them, the finished and sanded wall will have a smooth and flawless finish. flat surface. The mixture should be applied in a thin layer.

They also produce a polymer universal putty, ready for use. It can be used for both starting work, and for finishing, on surfaces without any special defects.

Given all the features and proportions, you should know how to putty for walls and other surfaces on different bases.

Features of breeding putty

As in any business, there are certain features. You should know before you figure out for yourself how to breed putty: the proportions must correspond to the type of product. There are several types of it:

for starting work;
for finishing work;
for wall decoration;
for processing ceilings;
for finishing facades;
for indoor work.

The answer to the question of how to dilute the putty will depend on what type of putty will be used during work. Indeed, for a certain type of solution, a fixed amount of water is needed. It should be the right thickness and consistency.

When using 1 kg of dry gypsum mix (for example, Fugenfüller putty), you need to take 0.8 liters of water.
When using cement putty, 0.37 - 0.42 liters of water is needed per 1 kg of dry mix, and 7.4-8.4 liters of water should be used for 20 kg.
How to breed putty for walls? The proportions for a dry polymer mixture are as follows: for 25 kg, about 10 liters of water are needed.

Starting putty is produced to hide defects different sizes, the applied layer can be 6 cm. For this reason, the solution should not be liquid, since it is easier to close the recesses with a thick mixture, and the surface will dry faster.

The method of applying putty to the wall also affects the density of the solution. It should be thicker if applied by hand. When working with an airless spray machine, the solution must be in a liquid state.

When answering the question of how to dilute the finishing putty, you need to know its desired consistency. When using, it should be borne in mind that it must be applied in a thin layer. Therefore, the solution should not be too thick.

Preparation of putty mixture mechanically

The process of preparing the finishing putty is not too complicated. Before diluting putty, it must be mixed with clean water room temperature.

In order for the putty mortar to be of high quality, water should be added to the dry mix in small doses. For more efficient mixing, a special tool is used - a construction mixer. Mixing can also be done with an electric drill with a special nozzle, the power of which must be at least 1.5 kW. But it is best to use a drill with a high number of revolutions. The tool kit of professional specialists often includes a construction mixer. universal purpose. It is used only for the preparation of a mixture of putty.

At the beginning of kneading, the speed of the tool should be small. Gradually deepening the whisk, you should expand the kneading area. When the mixture becomes more homogeneous, you can increase the number of revolutions. After stopping kneading for a few minutes, it is necessary to continue the process again. Stir for approximately 10 minutes. So you can get a uniform consistency of putty. When mixing, the speed of the mixer or drill should not be high, because unnecessary air will enter the putty. Because of this, when applying the putty mixture to the surface to be treated, bubbles may occur.

Mixing by hand

If it is not possible to purchase a special tool, then the solution can be prepared manually using a spatula. Only with this solution will have to tinker a little. In this way, you can prepare putty for starting work, because special requirements is not presented to him.

The prepared mixture should be used within 40 minutes. If during this time the putty has not been applied, then it will inevitably thicken. Do not add water to the thickened mixture, as this will only worsen the quality. It is better to throw it away and make a new one. Further work with such putty can not be carried out.

To prepare the next portion of the mixture, the bucket used must be thoroughly washed so that fragments of the old composition do not remain. Thickened particles, once in a new batch, will significantly reduce its working efficiency. For example, it can thicken faster. Water for kneading is used clean, without rust.

To knead the putty, you must use a household bucket (galvanized, plastic or enameled). Do not use basins or other containers that have at the bottom rounded corners. By placing the drill nozzle in a bucket of water, you can clean it of putty residues by scrolling in different sides. To do this, use the reverse function. In order for the water to glass from the nozzle, it is necessary to install a drill on the bucket in a horizontal position.

Features of applying putty mixture

Having applied the first layer of the mixture to the surface of the wall, there is no need to rush to apply the next one, as it can curl up, tear off the initial layer and increase the drying time. You need to wait for the first layer to dry. Therefore, it is impossible to prime wet putty. It is also not recommended to add a primer to the mixture when diluting dry putty.

Overdrying the first layer can also adversely affect the quality of the finishing work. Do not use heaters and artificially raise the temperature in the room - putty can dry out quickly and crack.

By adhering to these rules and requirements, you can learn exactly how to breed putty for walls and other surfaces.